Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ANKARA INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH-VII, Ankara, Türkiye, 2 - 04 Aralık 2022, cilt.1, sa.15, ss.360
Fisheries production is adversely affected due to excessive fishing pressure and unconscious
fishing methods around the world. Reducing the pressure on natural fish stocks increases the
importance of aquaculture in supplying the need for cheap and abundant protein. In parallel
with the rapid increase in world aquaculture production to supply the nutritional needs of an
increasing population, there has been a noticeable increase in the amount of production
obtained by aquaculture although there has not been a steadily increasing amount of
production obtained by capturing. While total fishery production (capture + aquaculture) was
125.999 million tons worldwide in 2000 and 582.376 tons in Turkey, these figures increased
to 178 million tons in the world and 785.811 tons in Turkey by 2020. The sea fishery amounts
of the world and Turkey were 81.59 million tons and 582.376 tons, and their aquaculture
amounts were 18.694 billion tons and 43.38 million tons, respectively, among the product
amounts in 2000. In 2020, the world's and Turkey's aquaculture production amounts were
87.502.609 tons and 421.411 tons, respectively.
In the world, aquaculture is mostly handled by Asian countries, especially China, India, and
Indonesia. Sardine (Sardina pilchardus), atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda), haddock (Merlangius
merlangus), European hake (Merluccius merluccius) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus) are the
most common species. The most caught species in the world are anchovy (Engraulis ringens),
Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus), Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), Atlantic
herring (Clupea harengus), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacore), blue whiting (Micromesistius
poutassou), Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus), and European pilchard (Sardina
pilchardus). Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, etc.), shrimp (Prapenaeus longirostris, etc.),
molluscs, salmon (Salmo salar, etc.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, etc.), fish (Silurus glanis, etc.),
crustaceans (Crustacea), and other freshwater species. As of 2020, considering the fishing
vessel fleets, Asia has the largest number of motorized fishing vessels, while the Americas
have the 2nd largest motorized fishing vessel fleet. There is no non-motorized fishing vessel in
the fleet of European continental fishing vessels.
As a result, the catchable stock size has been reached in Turkey’s seas as well as in the rest of
the global seas, and unfortunately, there is no possibility to increase production through
hunting. In addition, the fishing fleets of countries engaged in aquaculture around the world
are increasing and getting stronger day by day. The priority when dealing with stock
management should be to protect seas and inland waters from negative effects such as
pollution.
Keywords: Fishing, Fishing fleet, Aquaculture, Fish species, Production